(±)-Nutlin-3

P53通路激活剂；抑制MDM2

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产品号 #73752_C

P53通路激活剂；抑制MDM2

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总览

（±）-Nutlin-3是一种基于小咪唑啉基的小鼠双微体2（MDM2）蛋白拮抗剂，可破坏MDM2-p53相互作用（IC₅₀= 0.09 μM；Vassilev et al.）。MDM2与p53肿瘤抑制蛋白具有高亲和力结合，并对其转录活性和稳定性具有负调控作用。通过破坏这种相互作用，(±)-Nutlin-3可促进p53调控基因的表达，并在功能性p53细胞中表现出强大的抗增殖活性，而在突变p53细胞中则没有（Vassilev et al., Gu et al.）。

癌症研究
·抑制指数级增长的人皮肤成纤维细胞（IC₅₀= 2.2 μM）和小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞（IC₅₀= 1.3 μM）的增殖，并抑制小鼠体内已建立的肿瘤异种移植物的生长（Vassilev et al.）。
·导致表达野生型p53和p21的HCT116结肠癌细胞系出现G1细胞周期阻滞（Benson et al.）。
·诱导实体瘤和儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病细胞系p53介导的细胞凋亡（Gu et al.; Vaseva et al.）

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Document Type

Product Name

Catalog #

Lot #

Language

Document Type

Product Information Sheet

Product Name

(±)-Nutlin-3

Catalog #

73754, 73752

Lot #

Lot# 1000028157 or higher for 73752 | Lot# 1000028158 or higher for 73754

Language

English

Document Type

Safety Data Sheet

Product Name

(±)-Nutlin-3

Catalog #

73754, 73752

Lot #

All

Language

English

Abstract

The p53 tumor suppressor protein is a major sensor of cellular stresses, and upon stabilization, activates or represses many genes that control cell fate decisions. While the mechanism of p53-mediated transactivation is well established, several mechanisms have been proposed for p53-mediated repression. Here, we demonstrate that the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 is both necessary and sufficient for the downregulation of known p53-repression targets, including survivin, CDC25C, and CDC25B in response to p53 induction. These same targets are similarly repressed in response to p16 overexpression, implicating the involvement of the shared downstream retinoblastoma (RB)-E2F pathway. We further show that in response to either p53 or p21 induction, E2F4 complexes are specifically recruited onto the promoters of these p53-repression targets. Moreover, abrogation of E2F4 recruitment via the inactivation of RB pocket proteins, but not by RB loss of function alone, prevents the repression of these genes. Finally, our results indicate that E2F4 promoter occupancy is globally associated with p53-repression targets, but not with p53 activation targets, implicating E2F4 complexes as effectors of p21-dependent p53-mediated repression.

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Blockade of Hsp90 by 17AAG antagonizes MDMX and synergizes with Nutlin to induce p53-mediated apoptosis in solid tumors. Vaseva AV et al. Cell death & disease 2011 JAN

Abstract

Strategies to induce p53 activation in wtp53-retaining tumors carry high potential in cancer therapy. Nutlin, a potent highly selective MDM2 inhibitor, induces non-genotoxic p53 activation. Although Nutlin shows promise in promoting cell death in hematopoietic malignancies, a major roadblock is that most solid cancers do not undergo apoptosis but merely reversible growth arrest. p53 inhibition by unopposed MDMX is one major cause for apoptosis resistance to Nutlin. The Hsp90 chaperone is ubiquitously activated in cancer cells and supports oncogenic survival pathways, many of which antagonize p53. The Hsp90 inhibitor 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17AAG) is known to induce p53-dependent apoptosis. We show here that in multiple difficult-to-kill solid tumor cells 17AAG modulates several critical components that synergize with Nutlin-activated p53 signaling to convert Nutlin's transient cytostatic response into a cytotoxic killing response in vitro and in xenografts. Combined with Nutlin, 17AAG destabilizes MDMX, reduces MDM2, induces PUMA and inhibits oncogenic survival pathways, such as PI3K/AKT, which counteract p53 signaling at multiple levels. Mechanistically, 17AAG interferes with the repressive MDMX-p53 axis by inducing robust MDMX degradation, thereby markedly increasing p53 transcription compared with Nutlin alone. To our knowledge Nutlin+17AAG represents the first effective pharmacologic knockdown of MDMX. Our study identifies 17AAG as a promising synthetic lethal partner for a more efficient Nutlin-based therapy.

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MDM2 antagonist nutlin-3 is a potent inducer of apoptosis in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells with wild-type p53 and overexpression of MDM2. Gu L et al. Leukemia 2008 APR

Abstract

In pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), overexpression of murine double minute 2 (MDM2) protein by leukemic cells is typically associated with a wild-type (wt)-p53 phenotype and chemoresistance. A recently developed small-molecule antagonist of MDM2, nutlin-3, inhibits the MDM2-p53 interaction, resulting in induction of p53 activity and apoptosis. In this study, we evaluated the cytotoxic effect of nutlin-3 on ALL cells with different p53 status and MDM2 expression, using 18 cell lines and 30 primary leukemia samples. We found that both ALL cell lines and primary ALL samples with wt-p53 are sensitive to nutlin-3. No cytotoxic effect of nutlin-3 was detected in ALL cells with either p53-mutant or -null phenotype. In wt-p53 ALL cells, there was a significant positive correlation between MDM2 expression levels and sensitivity to nutlin-3. Nutlin-3-induced cell death was mediated by p53-induced activation of proapoptotic proteins and by p53-induced repression of the anti-apoptotic protein survivin. As p53 function is inhibited by MDM2 in chemoresistant, MDM2-overexpressing ALL cells, potent killing of these cells by nutlin-3 suggests that this agent may be a novel therapeutic for refractory ALL.

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